🖥️ Git Essentials¶
Practical git commands used by developers in day-to-day Software development Lifecycle in different environments like dev, prod and staging etc.
How to initialize git for directory as local git repository ?
git init
git init <repo-name>
Note
repo-name = specify directory for local git repository
How to configure git to user ?
git config --global user.name <user-name>
git config --global user.email <user-email>
git config --local user.name <user-name>
git config --local user.email <user-email>
Note
- flag {global} for all repositories
- flag {local} for specific repository
- user-name = specify user name
- user-email = specify user email address
How to show tracking of files ?
git status
How to clone git repository from remote server ?
git clone <repo-url>
Note
repo-url = remote repository url
How to staged changes in files (i.e. ready to commit) ?
git add <file-name>
git add .
Note
file-name = specify file name or use "." to specify all files
How to commit staged changes ?
git -commit -m "message"
Note
message = use present tenses recommended
How to create main branch ?
git branch -M main
git remote add origin <repo-url>
Note
repo-url = specify repository url to create main branch
How to push commits to main branch ?
git push -u origin main
How to create new branch ?
git branch -b <branch-name>
Note
branch-name = specify name of branch
How to push commits to specific branch ?
git push -u origin <branch-name>
How to change branch (i.e. hopping between branches) ?
git checkout <branch-name>
How to check all git commits which are not in local branch ?
git fetch origin
How to pull all changes to local branch ?
git pull origin <branch-name>
How to initialize and checkout branch ?
git checkout -b <branch-name>
How to merge another branch into current branch ?
git merge <branch-name>
How to show all conflicts between branches before merging them ?
git diff
How to mark specific commits ?
git tag <commit-tag>
Note
commit-tag = specify tag to recognize commit
How to undo changes ?
git revert
How to reset branch to last commited state ?
git reset --hard HEAD
How to remove file from current repository ?
git rm <file-name>
How to keep commit to side tray for further use ?
git stash
How to use side tray commit into current branch ?
git stash pop